(PDF) Selective Attention - ResearchGate More recent research has indicated the above points are important: e.g., Moray (1959) studied the effects of the practice. [2] Thus, the attenuation of unattended stimuli would make it difficult, but not impossible to extract meaningful content from irrelevant inputs, so long as stimuli still possessed sufficient "strength" after attenuation to make it through a hierarchical analysis process. Because our ability to attend to the things around us is limited in terms of both capacity and duration, we have to be picky about the things we pay attention to. the filter attenuation theory (Treisman, 1964). The level of attenuation can have a profound impact on whether an input will be perceived or not, and can dynamically vary depending upon attentional demands. APA Dictionary of Psychology Treisman's attenuation theory a filter attenuates unattended input rather than "turning it off" so non-attended meaning does pass on, but in a weaker form. Daniel B. She has previously worked in healthcare and educational sectors. When contrast against Treismans attenuation model, the late selection approach appears wasteful with its thorough processing of all information before selection of admittance into working memory. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. In a classic demonstration of the cocktail party phenomenon, participants who had their own name presented to them via the unattended ear often remark about having heard it. Several factors can influence selective attention in spoken messages. Effects of Attentional Demand on Brain Activity. However, the difference is that Treisman's filter attenuates rather than eliminates the unattended material. Imagine that you are at a party and paying attention to the conversation among your group of friends. The nervous system sequentially analyzes an input, starting with the general physical features such as pitch and loudness, followed by identifications of words and meaning (e.g., syllables, words, grammar and semantics). Cherry's findings have been demonstrated in additional experiments. Indeed, it may not stand alone in explaining all aspects of attention, but it complements filter theories quite well," suggested Robert Sternberg in his book Cognitive Psychology, summarizing the different theories of selective attention. Eysenck, M. W. & Keane, M. T. (1990). In shadowing, participants go through largely the same process, only this time they are tasked with repeating aloud information heard in the attended ear as it is being presented. As a result of this limited capacity to process sensory information, there was believed to be a filter that would prevent overload by reducing the amount of information passed on for processing. [1] Treisman further elaborated upon this model by introducing the concept of a threshold to explain how some words came to be heard in the unattended channel with greater frequency than others. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. The multimode model addresses this apparent inconsistency, suggesting that the stage at which selection occurs can change depending on the task. One of the earliest theories of attention was Donald Broadbent's filter model. Other selective attention models have been proposed as well. Treisman's Attenuation Model (1964) Anne Treisman was actually one of Broadbent's students and continued his work on attention theory.
Foid Card Appeal Status,
Dale Bonner High School,
Articles T
